Patryk Duma
Articles
Old wine in new bottles: A pan-European regional dataset of population and GDP since 1960
Geographia Polonica (2026) vol. 99, iss. 3, pp. 333-357 | 
Full text | 
Supplementary file
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0330
Abstract
This article presents a harmonised procedural framework for constructing a new open-access pan-European regional database covering population, GDP, and derived GDP per capita for 1546 regions over the period1960-2021; the empirical illustrations presented in the article cover the period 1960-2020. The resulting resource is distributed in three supplementary Excel workbooks, one for each variable. Drawing on national and regional sources, including the Maddison Project Database as the main GDP anchor, ARDECO, the Rosés–Wolfregional GDP database, database.earth, and country-specific sources, it provides continuous annual time-series coverage and broad cross-country comparability. Its main contribution lies in combining pan-European spatial coverage, a six-decade temporal span, and the systematic harmonisation of heterogeneous national and regional data sources. The resource enables analyses of regional income convergence, spatial dynamics,and long-term demographic and economic polarisation across Europe. By extending beyond the European Union, it fills major spatial and temporal gaps in existing resources and creates new opportunities for spatial economic and regional research.
Keywords: Pan-European spatial coverage, regional population, GDP per capita, NUTS3, GDP retropolation, Maddison Project Database, ARDECO
[rosik@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
[m.mazur@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
[rafwis@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
[p.duma@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
Transport poverty in Poland – a spatial approach to public transport demand and supply
Geographia Polonica (2025) vol. 98, iss. 3, pp. 255-276 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0302
Abstract
The paper aims to provide an initial evaluation of transport poverty in Poland by examining both the demand and supply of public transport services at the municipal level. Due to the lack of comprehensive data, median earnings from the Central Statistical Office are used as a proxy for transport demand and income inequality, while a composite index of public transport accessibility (PTAI), incorporating three indicators, represents the supply side (rail and bus services). The study provides the first analysis in Poland to identify areas at risk of transport poverty, focusing on public transport accessibility at the municipal level. Through spatial analysis,it identifies vulnerable areas including those along national borders (excluding certain parts like the eastern Polish-Czech border), marginalized municipalities, internal peripheries of voivodeships like the Greater Poland-Łódź border, and certain areas in developed voivodeships like Greater Poland and Pomerania. It highlights that some at-risk areas, such as southern Kashubia or counties like Międzychód, have not been previously recognized in other studies. The findings stress the need for further methodological development, especially refining indicators for monitoring transport poverty at the municipal level.
Keywords: transport poverty, public transport accessibility, Polish municipalities, median earnings
[rosik@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
[p.duma@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland